Pigs, Dogs, Cats, Horses, and Rats Help Win the Civil War Essay

The Civil War intensified pork production as firms strove to meet the needs of the war effort. Beef packing also increased dramatically during the war, but dwindled after it ended, as cities like Kansas City that were closer to the centers of cattle farmers began to dominate production. As plants grew, the operations became more mechanized & specialized. The introduction of the refrigerated rail car in 1869 dramatically bolstered the industry, allowing it to become a year-round industry and to expand internationally (Dictionary of Wisconsin History, 2013). The North had a greater advantage than the South in that their commissary system was already established at the outbreak of the war, while the Confederacy struggled for many years to obtain food and then get it to its armies. By the end of the war, many soldiers in the Confederate army were on the verge of starvation. During the Civil War There were plenty of other Civil War food options on a soldier’s menu (The American Civil War, 2013). The salt pork that was given to the soldiers during the war was a stinky kind of blue extra-salty meat, with hair, skin, dirt, and other debris on it. It was, however, their main supply of protein. Salt beef was basically all of the very worst parts of a cow, including organs, necks, and shanks. But the basic meat was pork. When in enemy territory, the soldiers frequently helped themselves to chickens, fruits, vegetables, and other items from local farms and households. However, â€Å"During the final months of the war, more than a few horses, mules, dogs, cats, and even rats were eaten by soldiers,† said a Confederate doctor (Civil War Food, 2013). Rats especially were found to be quite a luxury: †¦superior, in the opinion of those who eat them, to spring chicken†¦and there were few among the garrison whose natural prejudices were so strong as to prevent them from cooking and eating their share. Nor did rats appear on the starvation menus of only besieged Confederates. In the winter of 1862-63 in Virginia, [Union soldier Berry] Benson and others on picket found many rats, and they teased each other about trying them. Soon someone killed a few and roasted them. They found that they tasted rather like a squirrel. If that time were back, I don’t think I would not be squeamish,’ Benson said later. ’ (Davis, 2003, p. 24) After the Civil War The market for Texas cattle diminished after the Civil War & ranchers were left holding several million heads of cattle. Ranchers began to drive their cattle north again in 1866, but with little financial gain. Fortunately for the cattlemen, the close of the Civ il War also marked a major transition in U. S. meat-consumption patterns. A national preference for pork abruptly gave way to beef. Cattle worth $4 a head in Texas might be sold at $40 a head in Missouri or Kansas. In addition, a ready workforce was already in place: the de-commissioned horsemen of the Confederate cavalry plus freed ex-slaves and Mexican gauchos combined to provide a ready supply of skilled horsemen. Soon others saw the wild Texas herds as a ready means to tap into the lucrative northern market with little start–up capital. The famous Chisholm Trail became a major route. The trail was established in 1865 by Jesse Chisholm and ran 600 miles from San Antonio, Texas, to Abilene, Kansas. Typically rivers and Indian lands had to be crossed, but good grazing, relatively level terrain, and higher prices waiting at the destination made the hazards worthwhile. Drives were cost-effective too—a drive of 2,000 or more cattle usually required only a trail boss and a dozen cowhands. In 1867, the Goodnight-Loving Trail opened markets for Texas cattle in Colorado & New Mexico. Cattle ranching had become big business and attracted Eastern investors. In 1869, more than 350,000 head of cattle were driven along the Chisholm Trail. By 1871, more than 700,000 head were driven along the route. The Reconstruction Period The post-war Reconstruction period was difficult and would have been different in at least two ways if President Lincoln had not been assassinated. First, Lincoln would have been more generous in providing government aid to the fallen South. Instead, President Andrew Johnson punished the South. Moreover, if Lincoln had been the post-war president, it is likely that there would have been a lot less racism and he might have even prevented racist and white-supremacists like the KKK and other groups (Nicely, 2011). Second, the death of Abraham Lincoln changed all the plans by which a Southern state could be readmitted into the Union. Lincoln wanted to reunite the Union quickly by showing forgiveness. Most of the moderate Republicans in Congress supported his plan because they thought it would make a more immediate end to the war. Reconstruction would have gone much more smoothly if Lincoln had not been assassinated (Nicely, 2011). Industrialization and urbanization during Reconstruction brought many changes to the social, economical and political lives of the people. Industrialization led to mass production of goods with technological advances which led to cheaper products and better living conditions for the average American. With the improvement of living conditions, came the need of more workers at the factories. This need led to the migration of people to rural areas to the cities. The migration of the people to the cities and the addition of more and more factories lead to harmful contaminants in the environment such as water and air pollution. We also had the distinction of social classes given the wealth differences among the business entrepreneurs and factory workers. There was also a change in the family structure. Men and women who worked in the same factory performing the same task were paid differently. This structure established what we know today as having the man be the â€Å"breadwinner† and the woman encouraged to stay at home with the children. At this point, children were seen as low-cost labor. Race Relations The federal and/or state courts and legislatures handed down decisions or passed laws during the period that served to discriminate against non-white citizens and immigrants in many ways. The Black Codes were enacted in the South to regulate the status and conduct of the newly freed slaves. This deprived black people of many rights given only to whites such as owning property, to testify in court with whites, to make contracts, travel, preach, speak, and many more. Also contrary to expectations of the Bill of Rights, the court also held that because the amendment provided that â€Å"no state shall† deprive persons of the rights its guaranteed, Congressional legislation protecting blacks and Republicans from Ku Klux Klan violence exceeded the power of the federal government. References Civil War Food (2013). Retrieved from http://www. civilwaracademy. com/civil-war-food. html). Davis, W. C. (2003). A Taste for War: The Culinary History of the Blue and the Gray. Stackpole Books. Mechanicsburg, PA. Dictionary of Wisconsin History (2013). Retrieved from http://www. wisconsinhistory. org /dictionary/index. asp? action=view&term_id=10802&term_type_id=3&term_type_text=things&letter=M) Gale Encyclopedia of U. S. Economic History (1999). Retrieved from http://www. ncyclopedia. com/topic/Cattle_drives. aspx Mitchell, P. B. (2013), â€Å"Cooking for the cause. † Retrieved from http://www. civilwar. org/education/pdfs/civil-war-curriculum-food. pdf Nicely, B. J. (2011). What IF #5—How would have Reconstruction been different if Lincoln had not died on April 15, 1865? Retrieved from http://deeprunwildcats. org/nicely/? p=631 The American Civil War (2013). Retrieved from http://www. ducksters. com/history/civil_war/ life_as_asoldier_duri ng_the_civil_war. php

Anatomy of the Brain Cerebrum

The cerebrum, also known as the telencephalon, is the largest and most highly developed part of your  brain. It encompasses about two-thirds of the brain mass and lies over and around most of the structures of your brain.  The word cerebrum comes from  Latin  cerebrum, meaning brain. Function The cerebrum is divided into right and left hemispheres that are connected by an arch of white matter called the  corpus callosum. The  cerebrum is contralaterally organized, which means that the right hemisphere controls and processes signals from the left side of the body, while the left hemisphere controls and processes signals from the right side of the body. The cerebrum is the part of the brain responsible for your high functions, including: Determining intelligenceDetermining personalityThinkingReasoningProducing and understanding languageInterpretation of sensory impulsesMotor functionPlanning and organizationProcessing sensory information Cerebral Cortex The outer portion of your cerebrum is covered by a thin layer of gray tissue called the cerebral cortex. This layer is 1.5 to 5 millimeters in thickness. Your cerebral cortex is in turn divided into four lobes: frontal lobes,  parietal lobes,  temporal lobes, and occipital lobes. Your cerebrum, along with the diencephalon, which includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, and the pineal gland, comprises the two major divisions of the prosencephalon (forebrain). Your cerebral cortex handles a number of the most important brain functions. Among these functions is the processing of sensory information by the cortex lobes. Limbic system brain structures located beneath the cerebrum also assist in sensory information processing. These structures include the amygdala, thalamus, and hippocampus. Limbic system structures use sensory information to process emotions and connect your emotions with memories. Your frontal lobes  are responsible for complex cognitive planning and behaviors, language comprehension, speech production, and the planning and control of voluntary muscle movement. Nerve connections with the spinal cord and brainstem allow the cerebrum to receive sensory information from your peripheral nervous system. Your cerebrum processes this information and relays signals that produce the appropriate response. Location Directionally, your cerebrum and the cortex that covers it is the uppermost part of the brain. It is the anterior portion of the  forebrain and is superior to other brain  structures such as the  pons, cerebellum, and  medulla oblongata. Your midbrain connects the forebrain to the hindbrain. Your hindbrain regulates autonomic functions and coordinates movement. With the assistance of the  cerebellum, the cerebrum controls all voluntary actions in the body. Structure The cortex is made up of coils and twists. If you were to spread it out, it would actually take up about 2 1/2 square feet. It is estimated that this part of the brain is made up of 10 billion neurons, which are responsible for brain activity that equals up to 50 trillion synapses. The brains ridges are called gyri, and valleys which are called  sulci. Some of the sulci are quite pronounced and long and serve as convenient boundaries between the four lobes of the cerebrum.

Summary Of Frankenstein By Judith Guest - 1701 Words

Nia Gordon 6/4/15 Kaufman/10 G Band Outline Frankenstein by Mary Shelly and Ordinary People by Judith Guest’s both display the consistent theme of abandonment by parent guardians. Both protagonists, the Creature and Conrad, experience rejection from their parents and constantly try to search for love and attention in different aspects of society because they unfortunately can not receive it from their parents. Because no individual wants to associate with the Creature he becomes imorally and seeks revenge on the entire human race for not accepting him. Contrastly Conrad fortunately has the support of several individuals who are constantly trying to make him happy even though he is only trying to seek the acceptance of his mother. Although both the Creature in Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein and Conrad in Judith Guest s Ordinary People are both abandoned by parental figures, the creature is unable to gain support from anyone making him completely isolated, while Conrad is able to gain support from Berger his therapist and his father Cal, ultimately allowing him to heal from the rejection of his mom. The Creature in Mary Shelley s Frankenstein and Conrad in Judith Guest’s Ordinary People are both abandoned by a parent figure because they do not meet the high expectations of perfection placed on them by their parents. After the tragic death of his brother, Conrad and his family were unfortunately unable cope with the loss so instead of talking about it â€Å"they wouldn t be

Database Data Mining the Silent Invasion of Privacy

Database Data Mining: The Silent Invasion of Privacy Database Data Mining: The Silent Invasion of Privacy Dustin Johnson University of Maryland University College As coined in an article in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch by Aisha Sultan, â€Å"Data is the new world currency.† Data mining is the process of analyzing data from different perspectives and then summarizing it into useful information. In essence is it applying all different types of what if scenarios on large swaths of data to get possible results to aid in better decision making. This sort of decision making isn’t something new, it’s the technology aiding the decision making that is new. This has reduced the amount of time it takes in the decision making process and given the†¦show more content†¦But after realizing that companies can’t govern themselves since the allure of profits from selling consumer information they collect to other agencies is so great, the FTC has had a change of mind and is now promoting the effort of government regulation of protection of privacy of consumer data. Now this brings up a good question. What has the FTC done t o promote standards/regulations to protect consumer privacy data and what are the punishments for not complying with those standards and regulations. The FTC had advised congress on enacting laws to protect consumer privacy. Some of those laws are the Children’s’ Privacy Protection Act of 1998, Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Modernization Act (GLBA), Cable Communications Policy Act of 1984, Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act of 1994, Driver Privacy Protection Act of 1994, Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986, Electronic Fund Transfer Act, Fair Credit Reporting Act, and the Federal Privacy Act (Kim). Most of these regulations are predominantly enacted for the public sector in order to prevent illegal gathering of information by government agencies at the federal, state, and local level. It is also the FTC that handles the cases against companies that don’t comply with these regulations besides promoting further enhancement of regulations. 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Business Process Report of Sungate Rice Victoria Based Company

Question: Discuss about the Business Process Report of Sungate. Answer: Business processes The report is about the business process of a company called as Sungate which is a Victoria based company which is for the producer of the rice and the wild rice, milling up to approximately 80 tons in an hour at the time of seasonal peaks. The company has been able to work on the processing of the different locations with the marketing office that is set in Melbourne. The case study is about how the company is able to handle the pollution equipment with the scrubbing of the 240,000 cubic feet of air per minute. There are times with the processing that reach 80 tons per hours and the staff tops. Sungate has been able to work on the distribution, packaging and then selling the products domestically and internationally in a proper manner, based on the patches of the Information Systems. With this, there are different manual re-entries for the orders and the financial transactions that are displayed with the waste of time and creating the errors. (Baskerville et al., 2016). The staff wo rks on the control of the financial and the business reports which are set with the adequate information and the inventory standards to complete the orders and to set the improvement of the system mainly through adapting the best technology that would be able to eliminate the problems of the tight budget. Develop business requirements The requirements are based on the AIS and the ERP plans where the AIS is for the proper collection and processing of the information that is based on the transaction data. This is used for the decision making process in a proper manner, where the information based systems works on the recording of the different accounting activities to communicate for the auditing, financial, reporting and the taxations. ERP is also for the departments so that the company of manufacturing is able to improve the manufacturing and increase the efficiency by working effectively. There are AIS/ERP standards to match the basis with the business and the scale of the operations as per the different standards of the business. For this, the package is set to define the forms of development with the needs to match to the business activities. The efficiency could also be increased where one gets the benefit for the long run of the accounting activities. Determine the systems requirements For the proper manufacturing, there is a need of the accountants with the focus on the legacy system decisions for making use of the implementation standards, ERP and the continuous improvements. The ERP and AIS accountant new skills and the duties are set through the handling of business processes with the ability to match the selected team and work on the effective communication. (Chofreh et al., 2016). It has been seen that the company should work on the affiliation that intends to hire the accountant with more information on the IT sector with ERP and AIS set for the accounting reviews. The considerations are for the affiliates with proper knowledge and skills that are able to fulfill the needs and the graduates with proper offering of the jobs as well. The process is based on switching over the new accounting system which works towards the development of better accounting standards and to cover the business activities that generate the business reports as per the requirement. For this case, the business works on the production of the rice and the wild rice when the scale of operations are found to be larger. The development of the customized accounting software, with the system that comes from the larger business operations will benefit the company that includes: The streamlined processes and the single integrated system. The reduction in the data entry and processes. The sharing of information in the department to check over the required database management system. This will also help in reducing the inventory costs that results from the better plan, tracking and forecasting the requirements. (ALtamony et al., 2016) The turning of the collection faster with the scope of few billing and the delivery errors. The decrease in the pricing of the vendor with the advantage to take the quantity breaks and tracking the performance of the vendor. The tracking of the actual cost of the activities and performing based costing, with the consolidation of inventory and receivables. Software and vendor selection The software is based on the ERP standards with the check on integration for the manufacturing process. Here, the forms are set with creating value and reducing the costs by making the right information at the right time to make the good decisions. The management of the resources is through the productive standards where the ERP is for the multi-software applications to support the different organizational functions that include the financial modules. The modules of the human resource and the project management is based on the linking of the database where the interaction is through the cross functional basis where the users tend to respond to the different commands and requirements. (Costa et al., 2016). As per the traditional and the legacy AIS, ERP and AIS works on the accounting data entries are set with the different forms which include the management of the fixed assets and control of costs. The ERP systems are set with the insufficiency of the legacy systems, with the lack of the IT support with the improvement of the performance set through the date systems to encourage the costing, General Ledger and Human Resource and Sales and distribution modules. The ERP standards are set with the training and software selections with the major affect of the ERP success or failure. The reduction of the accounting workload, accountant manpower with the other software like Excel. (Garbutt et al., 2016). The ERP systems can optimize the organizational AIS with: The minimization of the time delay of the information management with the business data that is highly integrated to achieve the centralized data storage to enable the accounting modules with timely collections and the processing. The enhancement of the strong internal control to promote the efficiency of the system standards. Here, the regulations are set to manage the processes with the controlling methods. The reduction and the change of the accounting workloads is mainly for the book keeping and the manual working process for a better review and the analysis through automatic records and the process of the report in the organization with use of the account modules. Determine at least three ways to improve business efficiency As per the evaluation of the case study, the implementation of the multiple manual re-entries of the orders and the financial transactions are not important. This could be done through the presenting of the information systems with saving time and eliminating the chances of the error that has been made at the time of the manual reposting. (Lasisi et al., 2017). The financial and the business reports need to generate from a single click which will also be improving the system efficiency where the staff would be able to work for weeks with compiling all the financial and the business reports from the different patch works of ISs and formats. The standards are set with the tale decisions that requires the information to be available at a particular time. The system includes the management of the inventory standards with the consistency to reduce the carrying of costs at a lower level. There will be no major need of the higher inventory measures. Evaluate the level of efficiency of the technology implementation To check on the proposed system with the company budget of $150,000, there is a need to work on replacing the old AIS/ERP with new through the use of: The direct implementation where the conversions are set to take place over the specific place. For this, there are date onwards with the old systems that are dropped and the new systems are adapted. The phased implementation is set for the strategy where the system development and the requirements are based on working over the strategic turns with the eventual standards that would lead to the setup of the new system. (Shen et al, 2016). The pilot changeover is the strategy which will be important for the new system replacing the old one. It is possible to implement the same on the shorter or the small scale patterns. the beneficial changes are introduced with the replications that are set mainly through the entire system processing with the proper time set with the least disruption. The parallel changeover is the time when the old and the new system works on the same time with the use of the operations that could be operated for a particular standard. To handle the abrupt changes, there is a need to check on the huge business operations where the errors occur when the no old system is on the standby use with the comparison. The standards are set with the phased implementation to evaluate the functioning and work on linking the different modules at a particular time. (Garbutt et al, 2016). The options are evaluated and measured to replace the old systems and make the change in the turnover with the forms that are set with the discussions of the new information accounting. After the changeover is done, there are forms which includes the proposed new systems, where the company is able to perform the implementation review and the system maintenance process. For this, the post implementation review is also ascertaining the degree of success from the project with the extent to match to the needs and meet the demands as per the delivered plans. This will help in evaluating the system specific requirements based on the defined formats. To maintain the system, there is a need to use the SDLC approach which is important for handling the new changes with the standards that are set for the system updates. It will also include the regular interval channels with the forms that are mainly to evaluate the failures and the fulfillment in the requirements as per the system design and the changing organizational practices. It is important to analyze that the auditor of the company will be only able to provide a proper assistance when there is a development with the best accounting information system. the assess to the system is mainly based on working over the results of the auditing trials as well as making sure that the integrity is measured through the different phases of the system. This is to make sure that all the auditor teams are able to examine the system complexity with the documentation based on the policies and procedures of the company for adapting a particular development process. (Issac et al., 2016). The resear ch is based on the international accounting system with the ERP selections that are important for a proper planning, implementation and the stabilization of the systems that would lead to the improvement of the normal operations and the covering of the adaptation and the acceptance process. The study is to evaluate the changes with the accountant job profiles, skills and function that would be able to understand the risks and work in teams to communicate clearly. The framework is also based on the ERP environment standards which is important for the effective management and controlling. Here, the standards are also set to meet the criteria and the support to implement the system effectiveness along with: The looking for the different functions for the workload and manpower. Enhancing the business marketing share Overcoming the technical and information system weakness Setting a stronger external competition. Examine potential security risks, data breaches In the manufacturing patterns, the ERP is important to analyze the data sharing and effective management of the financial and operational tasks. There is a need to maintain the integrations through accelerating the efficiencies with learning curves through the common software interface. There are following risks which are possible: The outdated software can lead to the crashes and the integration issues. There is a risk related to the system software versions which are not found to be compatible. Hence, with this, the servers and the browsers are also affected with the software that is not supported any longer.(Zvezdov et al, 2016). Any insufficient reporting hold the capabilities to lead to the external reporting and loss of the control of data. There are user friendly data measures which are based on working over the analysis of the data with ERP systems that involve the evolution of the data with the establishing of the directory that could easily be backed up. The technical personnel and providers are able to provide the access with the larger scaling changes to the program behavior. The organization focus enterprise system risk management primarily on the threats. The control is set with the unauthorized updates to business data in the production system. There is a frequent soft coded system with the configuration settings without traditional programming. The delayed updates are set to lead to the software vulnerabilities. It includes the ERP accounting software with related security threats to update the software. The software manufacturers are set to improve the software with the security vulnerabilities where the SaaS models. It allows for the real time and continuous updates with the traditional on premise ERP setup where the vendors are challenged to set with distributing updates. The problems are mainly for the ERP systems with accessing the vulnerabilities so that the manufacturer to point out. The lack of compliance with the security standards is set with the Payment Card where the credit card industry requirement for the acceptance of the credit cards. The ERP systems are not complaint with the packages set for the solution that cannot store the customer credit number in a non-heavily encrypted format. (Chofreh et al., 2016). The operations are based on working over the system and the data in scope that is for the auditing of the systems and the changes that have a major impact on the effectiveness. For the operational risks or the privacy perspectives, the processes and the control are mainly to restrict the access to the different applications which are based on the data functioning and handling the third party records of the data and other information. The unpatched software is set with the ERP that includes the systems with the discovery and the applications of patches. The configuration is based on the ERP system standards with the forms that include the open port and access to the parameter credentials that are unlocked. There are outdated web interfaces where the ERP is set with the other software for the web based attacks. Here, the SQL injections and the web based attacks tend to continue with the ERP systems which is based on implementing the web frameworks. The inadequate access control is set with the ERP security with critical business data, failure to manage the access of the security threats. The review is based on the complex denial of the service attacks where the ERP is set with the discovering of the vulnerabilities in the components. (Baskerville et al, 2016). Provide guidelines on how these risks could be mitigated. To handle the implementation, there is a need to check over the approach which is important for the designing of the system to check on the system transaction training, with minimizing the technical bugs. The business approach is based on implementing the right defined processes with the workflow training that mainly emphasize the ERP systems like enabling the processes with minimized disruptions to the business. The approach for the change management is based on witnessing the engagements which are mainly the part of the system profile failures. The check is on evaluating the operational disruptions and maximizing the potential benefits that are set to mitigate mainly against the risks. The risks of the project are based on the enterprise priorities which are set with the lack of the resources and the issues related to the improvement and the enterprise benefits. The ERP-AIS need to evaluate the costs and the integrity process that is based on selecting the system standards and the basis which could evaluate the internal experts team with a better and comprehensive approach. The approach is based on handling the identified standards with the forms of selection criteria to hold the support and the security standards. The hardware and the operating platforms are for the international accounting systems where the selection process is set with evaluating the system standards of the security and ERP in the midsize range. (Garbutt et al, 2016). The planning and implementation is for stabilizing the ranges of the normal operations with enhancement that would lead to handle the adoption and adaptation process with use and maintenance of the system standards. The control is also based on the ERP standards, with reviewing the orders and monitoring the system standards with internal controlling and transaction records. There is a need to evaluate the continuous improvements with functions for the inventory integration that includes the ERP-AIS integration with the abilit y to match the financial and the non-financial data sets. The improvements are needed to improve the standards that is set for the ERP and AIS transactions. With this, there are forms that include the reduced accounting standards with the forms that lack the system findings of the research. References Altamony, H., Tarhini, A., Al-Salti, Z., Gharaibeh, A. and Elyas, T., 2016. The relationship between change management strategy and successful enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementations: A theoretical perspective.International Journal of Business Management and Economic Research,7(4), pp.690-703. Baskerville, R., Pawlowski, S. and McLean, E., 2016. Enterprise Resource Planning and Organizational Knowledge: Patterns of Convergence and Divergence.Systmes d'Information et Management,11(4), p.2. Chofreh, A.G., Goni, F.A., Ismail, S., Shaharoun, A.M., Kleme, J.J. and Zeinalnezhad, M., 2016. A master plan for the implementation of sustainable enterprise resource planning systems (part I): concept and methodology.Journal of Cleaner Production,136, pp.176-182. Costa, C.J., Ferreira, E., Bento, F. and Aparicio, M., 2016. Enterprise resource planning adoption and satisfaction determinants.Computers in Human Behavior,63, pp.659-671. Garbutt, M. and Schuler, J., 2016. Towards an understanding of the integrative relationship between Business Process Management and Enterprise Resource Planning Systems. Isaac, S.A.F.T. and Guzman, N., Vatbox, Ltd., 2016.System and method for verifying enterprise resource planning data. U.S. Patent Application 15/140,946. Lasisi, M.O., Owens, J.D. and Udagedara, S., 2017. Key benefits of enterprise resource planning adoption within small family businesses: a conceptual framework. Shen, Y.C., Chen, P.S. and Wang, C.H., 2016. A study of enterprise resource planning (ERP) system performance measurement using the quantitative balanced scorecard approach.Computers in Industry,75, pp.127-139. Zvezdov, D. and Hack, S., 2016. Carbon footprinting of large product portfolios. Extending the use of Enterprise Resource Planning systems to carbon information management.Journal of Cleaner Production,135, pp.1267-1275.

Business Brief Marketing Departments

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Brieffor Marketing Departments. Answer: Introduction In the modern world, Innovation has become the main area of focus for all marketing departments in different organizations world over. This has made product innovation as the central aim for organizations. Innovation is basically the process of improving organizations current processes, improving the quality of products and services as well as increasing the overall organizational efficiency. Innovation enables organizations to compete favorably in the ever competitive business world. For an organization to be viewed as innovative they and not need to entirely invent new products. A change in processes and business models geared towards providing better products that are in line with the changing consumer needs can also be viewed as innovation. For effective innovation to be carried out in an organization therefore, its paramount for an organization to understand its consumers current needs and wants. Innovation should at all times be a success strategy that is in-built as a part of other business strategies in order to build an organization culture that that is founded on innovative thinking and problem solving. Innovation has emerged as the number one factor leading to organizations success. Companies that have adopted continuous innovation as part of their strategies have been able to develop better and efficient processes which have enhanced their productivity. Innovation requires extensive research and planning. Innovation should be a response to trends I the market, change and diversification of consumers needs and finally as a result of competitors actions. Without research it will not be possible to understand customers needs and wants hence services and goods offered to them might not satisfy their needs fully. Understanding of customers is also important for provision of customer care services .without understanding of the customers this cannot be effectively achieved. Paying attention to customers buying behaviors can be one way of understanding customers. Understanding customer needs and wants involves three main steps. The first step is putting ourselves in customers shoes and looking at the business in a customers perspective. The next step involves undertaking research on consumers buying behaviors and finally asking customers direct questions regarding their wants. This brief provides information on an innovative product called the laser keyboard and the positive reception of the product into the countrys market. Understanding Consumers needs and Wants. The Need for a Laser Keyboards A Laser keyboard is a type of a keyboard that is specifically designed to be used by a wide range of devices such as smart phones, desktop computers as well as laptops. The keyboard is easily portable because of its small size; it can therefore be easily put in a pocket or students handbag. The keyboard can also be used with a number of devices including Smartphones, desktop computers and laptops. The keyboard will be loved by many users because of its features that include being based on modern advanced technology, having a lithium rechargeable battery and an optical component that is non-mechanical. Among other benefits for the product include super versatility, ability to input data proficiently and superb compatibility with devices. The new gadget will make the work for office and hospital workers as well as the people in collenges more enjoyable and fulfilling. Users of the Keyboard will benefit from its three main characteristics which include profitability, its appearance and maintenance. Smart phones and PDAs present one particular challenge in that their keys are quite small. This is a limiting factor to the amount of activity that can be carried out using these devices .This makes the keyboard more desirable because of its large keys. Connecting the keyboard with Bluetooth enables it to project a full-size keyboard, integrated with the device and which can be used to input data. The changing trends enjoyed by smart phones are remarkable. Their style plays an integral role in their portability. Some keyboards have the capability of projecting the image of the keyboard in the air. These are some of its attention grabbing aspects about their functionality. The keyboard also does not require a flat service for it to function well. The maintenance o the keyboard is also a factor that should not worry the users of the keyboard. Things such as spillages, drops, spills and other malfunctions that are commonly experienced with other keyboards will be a non issue because the key board is damage free. These are some of the reasons that will prompt consumers to purchase this keyboard. Laser Keyboards in Oman This keyboard has not yet been introduced in Oman Market but thanks to online shopping, there is the possibility of consumers in the country acquiring it even before it has been introduced in their own country. This is possible because of the existence of online shops such as Amazon, JadoPado and E-bay. People in the country have also developed interest in technology such as sky Wifi, power bank and smart pen. The products market is majorly some hospitals and colleges as well as Oman students interested in learning English, Fashion and technology. However there is a disadvantage in that many locals may not prioritize this product because of the fact that it can only type in English. However there has been an overall improvement in terms of interaction and cultural exchanges among different cultures. There has also been an overall advancement and openness towards change adoption .The cost of the key board will be around 27.26 Omani Rials but the big challenge remains whether the people of Omani will be willing to spend such amount of money on a keyboard that they can freely get on their laptops and phones. A great percentage of college students are against the notion of carrying laptops always. This is a cumbersome task for most of them especially because of the many books that they have to carry. This new keyboard can enable students will enable the students to do their homework using their smart phones which will be very cost effective for them because they will not be required to purchase laptops because they can do all their tasks using Laser keyboard. Conclusion Understanding consumers needs and wants is very important for every organization .This because the move helps organizations to develop products with specifications that can meet consumers needs .Understanding the market is also key to innovation as it enables organizations to know about consumers preferences.

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